{"id":418,"date":"2024-01-18T23:17:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T04:17:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/?page_id=418"},"modified":"2024-02-23T12:33:23","modified_gmt":"2024-02-23T17:33:23","slug":"breathing-wall","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/breathing-wall\/","title":{"rendered":"Breathing Wall"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>                                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:500\">Grinham Research Group<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:300\">Harvard University Graduate School of Design<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading alignwide has-large-font-size\" id=\"h-breathing-wall\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:300\">Breathing Wall<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading alignwide has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:300\">Heat Exchange with Low Carbon Materials<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-project-overview\">Project Overview<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">This study demonstrates how to design pores in building materials so that incoming fresh air can be efficiently tempered with low-grade heat while conduction losses are kept to a minimum. Any base material can be used in principle, so long as it can be manufactured with millimeterscale air channels. The channel-pores are optimized according to the thermal conductivity of the base material, the dimensions of the panel, and the suction pressure sustained by a given fan or a chimney. A water circuit is integrated at the interior surface to ensure direct thermal contact and prevent radiant discomfort. Correlations from the thermal sciences literature were used to optimize the size and distribution of channel-pores in wood, glass, and concrete test panels. The measurements showed good agreement with theory and were presented in a general form so that designers can predict the steady-state performance of any optimal design in sensible heat-transfer mode.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_2-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Diagram explaining the concept behind breathing wall\" class=\"wp-image-419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_2-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_2-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_2.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading alignwide has-medium-font-size\" id=\"h-experiment\">Experiment<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-small-font-size\" id=\"h-project-team\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Project Team<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"color: #f542f5 has-black-color has-text-color has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:300\">Jonathan Grinham<br>Sal Craig<br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.67%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:400\">Schlieren imaging was used to characterize the different regimes of mixed convection at the interior and exterior surface. The data explain the discrepancy between prediction and measurement in the dynamic insulation literature, and how the integrated water circuit overcomes these problems. Surface heat-flux measurements were correlated in a general form so that designers can account for convection at the interior and exterior surface.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-1024x295.jpg\" alt=\"Three images including experimental set up, sample images, and chart comparing air pressure\" class=\"wp-image-422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-1024x295.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-300x86.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-768x221.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-1536x442.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_5-2048x590.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"586\" src=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_1-1024x586.jpg\" alt=\"Samples of perforated breathing wall panels made of acrylic, concrete, and wood\" class=\"wp-image-423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_1-1024x586.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_1-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_1-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"317\" src=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-1024x317.jpg\" alt=\"Section diagram of breathing wall, charts comparing performance differences between three material samples\" class=\"wp-image-420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-1024x317.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-300x93.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-768x238.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-1536x476.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_3-2048x634.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"314\" src=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-1024x314.jpg\" alt=\"Diagram of breathing wall segment and diagram comparing 3-ply, 5-ply, and 7-ply CLT breathing wall\" class=\"wp-image-421\" srcset=\"https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-1024x314.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-300x92.jpg 300w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-768x236.jpg 768w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-1536x471.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/research.gsd.harvard.edu\/grg\/files\/2024\/01\/BreathingWall_web_4-2048x628.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator alignwide has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grinham Research Group Harvard University Graduate School of Design Breathing Wall Heat Exchange with Low Carbon Materials Project Overview This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":178,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-418","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.10 (Yoast SEO v26.7) - 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